Background Age-related loss of muscle, sarcopenia, is recognised as a clinical syndrome with multiple contributing factors. International European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) ...

The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterised by pulmonary inflammation and increased pulmonary vascular permeability, which results in non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema and ...

Background The lower airway microbiota in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are likely altered compared with the microbiota in healthy individuals. Information on how the ...

Rationale Surgeries that require one-lung ventilation have high rates of postoperative cardiopulmonary complications with associated morbidity and mortality. Statins may limit inflammation involved in ...

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Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health crisis and is particularly relevant to people living ...

In hospital practice, pleural aspiration (thoracocentesis) and chest drain insertion may be required in many different clinical settings for a variety of indications. Doctors in most specialities will ...

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by both an accelerated decline in lung function and periods of acute deterioration in symptoms termed exacerbations. The aim ...

Background Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC) are the most frequently observed complications following lung resection, of which pneumonia and atelectasis are the most common. PPCs have a ...

Objective Long-term azithromycin treatment effectively prevents acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ...

Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome driven by a dysregulated host response to infection. Immune dysregulation arises from responses that initially were activated to protect against pathogens and ...

Rationale Despite high prevalence of e-cigarette use (vaping), little is currently known regarding the health effects of secondhand nicotine vape exposure. Objective To investigate whether exposure to ...