This project explores how neural networks can support the search for axion-like particles (ALPs) in cosmic gamma-ray data. By using Neural Ratio Estimation (NRE), researchers aim to overcome the ...

The empirical rule states that almost all observed data for a normal distribution will fall within three standard deviations of the mean or average. What Is the Empirical Rule? The empirical rule ...

Another form of financial statement analysis used in ratio analysis is horizontal analysis ... compares historical data on a financial statement over different accounting periods.

Abstract: Data denoising is a critical yet challenging task for many seismic applications, especially for weak and small signals with a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We propose a novel denoising ...