In 1059, Pope Nicholas II decreed only cardinals would primarily elect the pope, laying the groundwork for the formal role of the College of Cardinals. This shift marked the beginning of a more ...
Born in about 1100, he became Pope for four and half years in 1154. Nicholas Breakspear was the son of an educated but poor man. He was a Saxon and was not admitted to the Abbey at St Albans a few ...
Born in about 1100, he became Pope for four and half years in 1154. Nicholas Breakspear was the son of an educated but poor man. He was a Saxon and was not admitted to the Abbey at St Albans a few ...
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