Aim: (1) To compare the efficacy and adverse effects of treatment using nebulizers vs pressurized metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) with or without a spacer/holding chamber vs dry powder inhalers (DPIs ...

Methodology Across primary and secondary care, the inhaler technique of 587 adult inhaler users (females 58.4%) was observed (pMDI n=50, pMDI plus spacer n=57 ... In pressurised metered dose, breath ...

Pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs) for COPD and asthma contribute to climate change, and countries are moving away from their use.

However, the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) has warned that asthma sufferers should not rely on ...

The propellants used in metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) have always contributed significantly to greenhouse gas emissions. Although the 1990s saw a switch from MDIs using ozone-depleting ...

Contamination that might occur from a common MDI canister protocol would seem to come from the surface of the canister, not the medication itself. This risk could be mitigated by good hand washing ...

Also, some expect to feel an effect when they shouldn't with the right technique. With a metered dose inhaler, if you inhale too quickly, it hits the back of the throat, you feel it and you get ...

The design integrates the forms of a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) and a capsule, reinforcing Lina’s role as a pioneering local pharmaceutical manufacturer. A spiral, derived from the Sunshine Holdings ...