Over the past few years we’ve seen several impressive projects where people try to manufacture integrated circuits using hobbyist tools. One of the most complex parts of this process is litho… ...

In atomic physics and quantum chemistry, the electron configuration is the arrangement of electrons in an atom, molecule, or other physical structure (e.g., a crystal). Like other elementary ...

This leaves one silicon atom with a vacant location in its outer shell, called a "hole," that readily accepts an electron. Because the charge carriers are holes, p-type silicon is said to have a ...

Electron micrograph of a single-atom transistor. The bump at the image center is where a single phosphorous atom was introduced to a silicon lattice; the rectangular items in the corners are the ...

The donor atom — in this case, antimony (Sb) —carries one more electron (five) than a silicon atom (four). Because electrons pair up, the odd Sb electron remains free. Instruments monitor the free ...

In silicon, a quantum bit or qubit is often based around a phosphorous atom. The phosphorous atoms are added at random during the growth of a silicon crystal, and these interlopers happily replace ...

Single electron memory developed. 17 Jun 2002. A room-temperature single-electron memory has been developed at the University of Minnesota. The single-electron arrangement is orders of magnitude ...

A transmission electron microscope then revealed it is covered in tiny ripples, which keep the material stable. The ripples extend about 1 nm up and down and are around 25 nm across. “To our ...

Electron-nucleus qubit could be easier to make on silicon. Engineers at the University of New South Wales have invented an architecture for quantum computing that operates without precise atom ...

In a bold challenge to silicon s long-held dominance in electronics, Penn State researchers have built the world s first ...