It causes repeated episodes of sudden, extreme, electric-shock–like pain on the side of the face ... by a neurologist. Brain imaging, like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is often used ...

The facial nerves exit from the brain stem on each side and divide into branches that control different muscles throughout ...

Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a neurological disorder manifested by twitching on one side of the face due to involuntary contractions ... there is evidence of compression of the nerve by an abnormal brain ...

and a brain MRI <6 postnatal wk. At least one additional criterion was required of the following: abnormal intrapartum CTG, sentinel event, meconium, cord pH <7.0, neonatal seizures, and ...