[2] A substantial improvement in limb pain and swelling ... for selection of patients for stenting. The degree of hemodynamic venous obstruction depends on multiple factors, for example, the ...

Varicose veins (VVs) classically result from venous hypertension owing to incompetence of the major communications between the superficial and deep veins of the lower extremity. In a significant ...

Hemodynamic monitoring is a critical aspect ... systemic filling pressure (MSFP), which reflects the pressure in the venous system and is crucial for understanding venous return—the flow of ...