But teams of Bell Labs scientists who remain largely unknown also made the transistor possible. Russell Ohl, for example, discovered how to add the impurities to silicon that produced its unique ...

"This is one of the first, and perhaps most dramatic, examples of how very basic science has led to something that could have a major impact on applications." The transistor is made from a ...

Examples like Intel's Loihi chips tend to get competitive performance out of far lower clock speeds and energy use, but they ...

(The vacuum tube-powered ENIAC, for example, reportedly caused brownouts in Philadelphia whenever it was turned on.) Transistors also flipped on instantaneously, compared to sluggish vacuum tubes ...

We all know, at least intellectually, that our computers are all built with lots of tiny transistors. But beyond that it’s a little hard to describe. They’re printed on a silicon wafer somehow ...

Furthermore, non-planar designs such as tri-gate transistors are being developed to mitigate problems arising, for example, from short-channel effects. Combined, these innovations and strategies ...

The idea of an optical transistor — and the associated optical logic circuits that may follow — conjures images of light controlling light in some sparkling, transparent computer. This dream ...