By using a constant-current source along with a ratiometric DAC configuration, the output intensity of a laser diode can be carefully set and controlled using this simple circuit ...

The researchers created simple diode-based AND/OR logic gates from these circuits and incorporated them into pulse modulators, which can encode information by switching one input signal on or off ...

The circuit, including the indicatingmeter, can fit into a small housing,such as an empty 20g glue-sticktube. An ordinary 1N4148 silicon signaldiode serves as the temperature sensor,exhibiting ...

The diode conducts only when a lower voltage rises above a higher one at turn-on, but not if a higher voltage were to increase above any lower voltage, because the diode is reverse-biased. A preferred ...

Using simple components such as oil, salt water, lipids and proteins, plus routine genetic engineering techniques, it is possible to create simple nanofluidic circuits.