The simplest way to decipher the code would be to start with an mRNA molecule of known sequence, use it to direct the synthesis of a protein, and then determine the amino acid sequence of the ...

Just like the mechanical components in cars or computers, the molecules inside a cell can sometimes malfunction. When this happens during DNA replication, the result is an unpredictable change in ...

In a new paper in Nano Letters, the researchers demonstrate how peptides—short strings of amino acids—can serve as precise targeting molecules, enabling LNPs to deliver mRNA specifically to ...

For example, a sequence for an mRNA molecule might be: AUG-GGU-CAA-UAA. Each one of these codons corresponds to a specific ...

Ribosomes read the mRNA sequence, and as the ribosome moves along the mRNA, amino acids are linked together in the order specified, forming a growing protein chain. A change in the translational ...

Lots of it. Many ribosomes can be working on a single strand of mRNA at once. Protein synthesis isn't a slow process, either. A protein chain 400 amino acids long can be assembled in 20 seconds!

Grozdanov explained that alternative polyadenylation is an RNA-processing mechanism that determines how an mRNA amino acid sequence ends by selecting specific sites called polyadenylation sites.

The small subunit had gone away; the mRNA had gone away. We thought the ribosome was completely in destruction mode. So why was it bringing in a tRNA with an amino acid ready to be added on to the ...

The newly formed strand of mRNA is now ready to leave the nucleus ... Peptide bonds form between the adjacent amino acids to finalise the structure.

A study published in PNAS reveals how a bacterial pathogen coordinates N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) metabolism at the ...