The isotopes are Thulium-182, thulium-183, ... However, protons are joined in atomic nuclei by neutrons, and the number of these particles can vary without changing the nature of an element.

In this case, researchers packed 113 and 114 neutrons in with thulium’s 69 protons, 116 and 117 neutrons next to ytterbium’s 70 protons and 119 neutrons alongside lutetium’s 71.

But losing protons fundamentally transforms the lead into an entirely new element. One lost proton transforms lead into thallium; two lost protons, mercury; and three lost protons, gold. The amount of ...

Lead nuclei, for example, have 82 protons each, while gold nuclei have 79. The recent study saw lead nuclei zoom through the Large Hadron Collider at the mind-boggling rate of 99.999993% of the ...

Using zero degree calorimeters (ZDC) to count the resulting interactions, ALICE tallied how often lead atoms shed one proton (thallium), two protons (mercury), and finally three protons, which is ...

Get Instant Summarized Text (Gist) High-speed collisions of lead nuclei at the Large Hadron Collider can strip protons from lead atoms, occasionally converting them into gold by removing exactly ...