The term functional nasolacrimal duct obstruction (FNLDO; watering with patent drainage) is misleading as it implies occluded drainage and solely nasolacrimal duct pathology. 'Normal' tear ...

Eye problems are common in both laboratory and pet rabbits. This column reviews the anatomy of the nasolacrimal duct system in rabbits and describes the appropriate techniques for working up a ...

This crust may appear hard, crusty, sticky, or wet. Blocked tear ducts—also called nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) or ...

A local anesthetic is then administered, the edge of the nipple is grasped with a forceps, and a fine lacrimal duct probe (000 to 0000) is gently inserted into the discharging duct. An incision is ...

Surgical procedures include strabismus, laser surgery for retinopathy of prematurity, pediatric cataracts, pediatric glaucoma, retinoblastoma and pediatric lid abnormalities, nasolacrimal duct probing ...