At this conference, Manley, in justifying the NIEO, gave a comprehensive discussion on the strategies in international relations that provided meaning and the basis for the development of the NIEO.

THE Michael Manley who visited the United States in 1990 had cast aside his Che Guevara bush jacket in favour of a suit. The free market had replaced his party's “ten steps to socialism”.

Michael Manley succeeded his father Norman Manley as PNP president in 1969. Three years later, he led the party to state power for the first time, promising a new day for Jamaica’s black majority.

The 100th anniversary of the birth of former Prime Minister Michael Manley has brought into sharp focus the ‘tremendous’ (one of his favourite words) contribution he and his father, Norman ...