After two coats of the soldermask, the board goes into a fiber laser and the silkscreen and mask layers are loaded into the software and the machine is set to a relatively low power (here ...

Sure, it’s possible to use a CNC router to mill out a PCB, and ditto for a fiber laser. But neither tool is perfect; the router creates a lot of dust and the fiberglass eats a lot of tools ...

Researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering (IOF) say that they have built a thulium fiber laser capable of emitting 1.91 kW - nearly double the typical output ...