DNA is fundamental to the biology of all life on Earth, but how many of us actually know what it is or what it's made of?

The DNA molecule is made up of four bases -- adenine ... Each sugar-phosphate-base combination is called a nucleotide. A nucleotide is made up of 30 atoms, plus or minus a few, depending on ...

neither Levene nor any other scientist of the time knew how the individual nucleotide components of DNA were arranged in space; discovery of the sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA molecule was ...

They are the building blocks of DNA and RNA, which store and transmit genetic ... These modifications can involve changes in the nitrogenous base, sugar molecule, or phosphate group. Nucleotide ...

DNA, which stands for deoxyribonucleic ... A sugar molecule, a base, and a phosphate molecule group together to make up a nucleotide. Nucleotides are abundant in the cell's nucleus.

Once termination is complete, the mRNA molecule falls off the DNA template. At this point, at least in eukaryotes, the newly synthesized mRNA undergoes a process in which noncoding nucleotide ...

DNA mutations are changes in the nucleotide sequence of the DNA molecule. Mutations can occur spontaneously due to errors during DNA replication or as a result of exposure to mutagens (e.g., UV ...

DNA is the molecule that holds the instructions for ... Genomic sequencing Genomic sequencing is the process by which the sequence of nucleotide bases is determined for individual genes or even ...

This keeps the DNA molecule in the form of a ribbon of consistent ... with variations called single-nucleotide polymorphisms, or SNPs. Everywhere we go, we leave behind tiny traces of genetic ...