Penjing involves creating miniature potted landscapes that can include trees, rocks, water, human and animal figurines, and other features. But what sets bonsai arrangements apart is their sole ...

The tree is also adorned with miniature figurines that represent Naka's family members and the bonsai community. The Goshin bonsai tree prefers well-draining soil with good water retention capacity.

Bonsai artists gradually introduced other materials like rocks and figurines, with supplementary and accent plants creating miniature landscapes in nature, known as sai-kei. Finally, in the mid-19th ...